Cholesterol

The primary goal of high cholesterol treatment is to lower LDL (bad) cholesterol levels to ranges that reduce the chance of developing heart disease. The specific amount that LDL should be lowered will depend on your current level. Determining your cholesterol level is achieved by performing a lipid profile (see cholesterol testing). There are two primary methods for improving your cholesterol:

• Lifestyle changes that include exercise, quit smoking, a diet low in saturated fats, and weight management.
• Cholesterol Drugs may be used in combination with the lifestyle changes to help reduce LDL cholesterol.

Exercise

Exercise is one of the best methods for lowering LDL while raising HDL cholesterol levels. Just 20-30 minutes per day can have a significantly positive impact on cholesterol levels and overall health. Exercise is particularly important for those with high triglycerides, low HDL (good) cholesterol, or for those carrying extra weight.

Cholesterol-lowering diets

Diets that are low in saturated fat and cholesterol can help improve overall cholesterol levels.  The National Heart, Lung and Blood Institue (NHLBI) recommends saturated fat intake should be less than 7% of total caloric intake.  If LDL cholesterol levels are not reduced by limiting consumption of saturated fat and cholesterol, consider increasing consumption of foods high in soluble fiber. Additionally, certain foods that contain plant sterols (plant sterols are extracts of certain plants that, when ingested, inhibit the absorption of cholesterol in the small intestine) can be helpful. Foods containing sterols include corn, rice bran, wheat, fortified food and drinks, soy, avocado, olive oil, etc.

Cholesterol-lowering drugs

There are several types of drugs that are used lower cholesterol including statins, bile acid sequestrants, nicotinic acid, fibric acids, and cholesterol absorption inhibitors.  Some of the common cholesterol drugs include Lipitor, Crestor, Zocor, Advicor, Cholestid, Lovastatin, Vytorin and Lescol. Consult your medical professional to determine which drug, if any, is best for you.